摘要

客語「適个」、「當適个」分別為進行體標記與強調進行體 標記。當「个」失去方位處所屬性的同時，中心語義的釋解則更 適合由主事者所在地正在進行的動作來承擔。本文說明「當」、 「適」與「个」原先為分立的三個概念，後來引發動詞組「適个」 先成為介詞組，而後語法化成介詞組、進行體標記兼用階段的主 要誘因在於：遠指代詞後接的方位後綴消失，導致遠指代詞後不 接名詞組而接動詞組，使得結構成分產生變化，語義認知釋解具 隱喻概念，並產生由「空間」到「時間」的演變過程。之後因語 境關係、前後文的語用性，抑或「个」後動詞組類型與主語人稱 的使用等等，而使得「適个」結構更具緊密性，進行體標記的功能也就愈趨明顯。「當」與「適个」也是先結合成一詞組，之後 循著「適个」的演變模式而成一強調進行體標記「當適个」。
關鍵字：進行體標記、个、適个、當適个、語法化、客語

The di ge and dong di ge are progressive markers in Hakka. While ge is missed in the attribute of localizer, the actor-acting will be more appropriate for the explanation of headedness. Three original concepts of dong, di and ge are distinguished in the thesis. The di ge what is the inducement to influence the verb phrase turns into preposition phrase. The main inducement of grammaticalized preposition phrase and progressive marker is presumed to the omission of localizer suffix causing the pronouns to be followed by verb phrase, and it makes the new structural components, semantic cognition in metaphor, and a process of grammaticalization from SPACE to TIME. Furthermore, with the contextual pragmatics, the verb phrase following ge and the usage of subject, it makes “di ge” much compacter as well as the function of progressive markers more distinct. It goes the same changing mode as the di ge, and dong di ge becoming an intensive progressive marker.
Keyword: progressive aspect marker, ge, di ge, dong di ge, grammaticalization, Hakka

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