摘要

本文從「客家話」與「畲話」的「基本詞」來觀察客畲語言和南方少數民族—壯侗苗瑤的關係，其中深入探討了客畲語親屬詞「曾祖父」、「曾祖母」、「祖母」「外祖母」的詞根，以及常用詞「臭蟲」、「玩耍」（休息），得到的結果是客畲語的上述基本詞確實源自於南方少數民族—壯侗苗瑤語。 「客」與「畲」族稱的由來是本文另一個重點，我們一方面討論「客」與「畲」是否為該族稱的本字問題，一方面來看「畬」、「畲」與「輋」的關係，最後來看「客」是否源自於「畲」（山哈），其結果認為「客」源自於「畲」（山哈）。
關鍵字：客家話、畲語、基本詞、南方少數民族、族稱

This article from the “Hakka-She” basic words to observe the “Hakka-She” language and the southern minority – Zhuang Dong Miao Yao relationship, among them, the author explores the roots of the relatives of the prose, the great grandfather, the great grandmother, the maternal grandmother, and common words “bed bugs”, “play”（rest）. The result is that the above-mentioned basic words of the “Hakka-She” language are derived from the southern ethnic minorities – Zhuang Dong Miao and Yao language. The origin of the “Hakka” and “She” Ethnicity is another focus of this article. On the one hand, we discuss whether the question of “Hakka” and “She” is the original word of the Ethnicity. On the other hand, whether ” Hakka ” is derived from “She” （San Hak）, the result is that ” Hakka ” is derived from “She” （San Hak）.
Keywords: Hakka, She（San Hak）, the basic words, Southern Minorities, the ethnic name

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