摘要

自從2014 年政府定為社會企業元年，同時並通過社會企業行動方案後，迄今臺灣社會企業的發展已經逐漸成為政府跨部會共同推動的重要工作。而臺三線客家地區皆為臺灣客家文化重點發展區域，許多社區發展協會和其他在地組織，藉由向勞動部申請「多元就業開發方案」，成為社會企業潛力單位，或是以返鄉為理念從事社區營造，進而以社會企業方式經營，轉型為完全自給自足的青年創業案例。本論文主要藉由區域性社會企業的案例探討，瞭解目前臺三線客家地區社會企業執行的現況，藉由二個個案的主要關係人田野訪談，深入比較研究彼此在社會企業的執行現況，進而探究其社會企業的類型、經營模式以及社會影響力。期盼研究的結果，能夠作為政府在臺三線客家地區，推動社區營造以及鼓勵青年返鄉創業相關政策的參考。

Since Taiwanese government declared 2014 as the first year of social enterprise initiative, social enterprise has gradually become an important theme for cross-agency collaboration throughout Taiwan. The Hakka communities along Taiwan’s Provincial Highway Three (Taoyuan, Hsinchu and Miaoli counties) are the focus of development of Hakka culture in Taiwan. Various community development associations and local organizations have tapped into the Ministry of Labor’s Multi-Employment Promotion Program, creating potential social enterprises, or capitalizing on the concept of reverse migration of youth to get involved in community building. These efforts utilize the operating model of social enterprise to help young people establish self-sufficient start-up businesses. This thesis aims to explore examples of social enterprise as practiced in the regions with major Hakka communities along the Provincial Highway Three. The field study will conduct interviews with primary subjects of two case studies, compare in-depth the current state of local social enterprises. The analysis shall examine the format, operating model, and social impact of these social enterprises. The objective of the thesis is to provide reference for government policies on promoting community building and reverse migration of youth to start their own businesses, in the Hakka communities along the Provincial Highway Three.

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