摘要

根據客家委員會105 年的調查，合乎客家基本法定義的客家 民眾有28.4%聽不懂客語，38.3%不太會說客語，而且有逐年下降 的趨勢。然而語言常是少數族群文化認同感的核心，深入了解影 響客語能力的成因，似乎刻不容緩。本研究以計畫行為理論探究 客家人客語能力優劣是否受到個人社會心理因素，如態度、主觀 規範、知覺行為控制和行為意圖所影響，若有是如何影響。本研 究以「105 年度全國客家人口暨語言基礎資料調查研究」為分析資 料，研究結果發現部分社會人口變項雖然具有顯著影響力，但個 人的客語知覺行為控制和客語行為意圖才是影響客語能力的首要因素，同時意圖還扮演客語態度和客語主觀規範的中介角色，對 客語能力產生顯著作用。本研究亦提出因應建議，期盼能實質促 進客家委員會語言政策的制定。

According to a 2016 survey of the Hakka Affairs Council, 28.4% Hakka people who met the definition of the Hakka Basic Act did not understand Hakka language, and 38.3% did not speak Hakka language, and there is a downward trend year by year. However, language is often the core of an ethnic minority’s cultural identity, so it seems urgent to understand the factors that affect Hakka language proficiency. This study adopts the theory of planned behavior to explore whether Hakka people’s social and psychological factors, such as attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control and behavioral intention, have an impact on Hakka language proficiency, and if so, how.This research analyzed empirical data from the “2016 National Hakka Population and Language Survey." Results found that perceived behavioral control and behavioral intention are the most influential factors of Hakka language proficiency, in addition to some socio-demographic variables. Intention also plays a mediating role between attitude and subjective norm on Hakka language proficiency. This study also addresses corresponding suggestions, hoping to substantially modify the language policy of the Hakka Affairs Council.

全文下載